A white paper is a technical report. It's often used by hair loss companies use to summarize in-house experiments on their own products or services.
White papers are different from scientific publications. Whereas scientific publications are carefully examined by independent and (hopefully) unbiased scientists or experts (also known as peer review), white papers are not peer-reviewed. Instead, they’re internal projects that companies use to make their experiments appear as though they were a part of a legitimate scientific paper, but instead, those white papers are used to bolster consumer confidence in those products or services.
White papers are not completely useless; they often show that a company has (at least) attempted to conduct some research into their own product line. However, when it comes to the hierarchy of evidence, white papers rank substantially lower than all peer-reviewed studies – to the point where evidential hierarchies do not even include them because the data presented by them is often so unreliable.
As such, there is lower likelihood that the clinical results described a white paper will align with the real-world results of people trying those products or services.